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Compare Spratly Islands (2003) - Cape Verde (2001)
Compare Spratly Islands (2003) z Cape Verde (2001)
| Spratly Islands (2003) | Cape Verde (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | 14 districts (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Fogo, Maio, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Nicolau, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal; note - there may be a new administrative structure of 16 districts (Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Nicolau, Sao Filipe, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal) |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years:
42.79% (male 87,458; female 85,895) 15-64 years: 50.76% (male 97,812; female 107,834) 65 years and over: 6.45% (male 10,204; female 15,960) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish |
| Airports | 3 (2002) | 8 (2000) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
total:
8 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 7 (2000) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
- |
| Area | total: less than 5 sq km
land: less than 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea |
total:
4,033 sq km land: 4,033 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | NA | slightly larger than Rhode Island |
| Background | The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 50 islands are occupied by China (about 450 soldiers), Malaysia (70-90), the Philippines (about 100), and Vietnam (about 1,500). Brunei is a claimant but has no outposts. (2002) | The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; they subsequently became a trading center for African slaves. Most Cape Verdeans descend from both groups. Independence was achieved in 1975. |
| Birth rate | - | 28.71 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | - | revenues:
$188 million expenditures: $228 million, including capital expenditures of $116 million (1996) |
| Capital | - | Praia |
| Climate | tropical | temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic |
| Coastline | 926 km | 965 km |
| Constitution | - | new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Spratly Islands |
conventional long form:
Republic of Cape Verde conventional short form: Cape Verde local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde local short form: Cabo Verde |
| Currency | - | Cape Verdean escudo (CVE) |
| Death rate | - | 7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $260 million (2000) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | - | chief of mission:
Ambassador Michael D. METELITS embassy: Rua Abilio Macedo 81, Praia mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia telephone: [238] 61 56 16 FAX: [238] 61 13 55 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | - | chief of mission:
Ambassador Ferdinand Amilcar Spencer LOPES chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820 FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207 consulate(s) general: Boston |
| Disputes - international | all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands but has not publicly claimed the island; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea", a mechanism to ease tension but which fell short of a legally binding "code of conduct" | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | $111.3 million (1995) |
| Economy - overview | Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored, and there are no reliable estimates of potential reserves; commercial exploitation has yet to be developed. | Cape Verde's low per capita GDP reflects a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, and public services accounting for almost 70% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 1998 was only 13%, of which fishing accounts for 1.5%. About 90% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances constitute a supplement to GDP of more than 20%. Economic reforms, launched by the new democratic government in 1991, are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Prospects for 2001 depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 37.2 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | - | 40 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m |
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island) |
| Environment - current issues | NA | overgrazing of livestock and improper land use such as the cultivation of crops on steep slopes has led to soil erosion; demand for wood used as fuel has resulted in deforestation; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; overfishing |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | - | Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1% |
| Exchange rates | - | Cape Verdean escudos per US dollar - 123.080 (December 2000), 115.877 (2000), 102.700 (1999), 98.158 (1998), 93.177 (1997), 82.591 (1996) |
| Executive branch | - | chief of state:
President Pedro PIRES (since 22 March 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 1991) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister from among the members of the National Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 11 and 25 February 2001 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president election results: Pedro PIRES elected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 49.43%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 49.42%; note: the election was won by only twelve votes |
| Exports | - | $40 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | - | fuel, shoes, garments, fish, bananas, hides |
| Exports - partners | - | Portugal, UK, Germany, Spain, France, Malaysia |
| Fiscal year | - | calendar year |
| Flag description | - | three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $670 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture:
13% industry: 19% services: 68% (1998) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | 6% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 8 38 N, 111 55 E | 16 00 N, 24 00 W |
| Geography - note | strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs | strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site |
| Highways | - | total:
1,100 km paved: 858 km unpaved: 242 km (1996) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | - | used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Africa destined for Western Europe |
| Imports | - | $250 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | - | foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels |
| Imports - partners | - | Portugal, Netherlands, France, UK, Spain, US |
| Independence | - | 5 July 1975 (from Portugal) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | NA% |
| Industries | - | food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair |
| Infant mortality rate | - | 53.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | 4% (2000) |
| International organization participation | - | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNTAET, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 0 sq km (1998 est.) | 1,500 to 2,000 hectares (1999) |
| Judicial branch | - | Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia |
| Labor force | - | NA |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
arable land:
11% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 6% forests and woodland: 0% other: 83% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | - | Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words) |
| Legal system | - | derived from the legal system of Portugal |
| Legislative branch | - | unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%, ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population:
69.21 years male: 65.93 years female: 72.6 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 71.6% male: 81.4% female: 63.8% (1995 est.) |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines | Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | World |
| Maritime claims | NA | measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | total:
5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 9,523 GRT/11,798 DWT ships by type: cargo 4, chemical tanker 1 (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs, of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam | - |
| Military branches | - | Army, Coast Guard/Marines |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $4 million (FY96) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 1.8% (FY96) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49:
89,543 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49:
50,615 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | - | Independence Day, 5 July (1975) |
| Nationality | - | noun:
Cape Verdean(s) adjective: Cape Verdean |
| Natural hazards | typhoons; serious maritime hazard because of numerous reefs and shoals | prolonged droughts; harmattan wind can obscure visibility; volcanically and seismically active |
| Natural resources | fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential | salt, basalt rock, pozzuolana (a siliceous volcanic ash used to produce hydraulic cement), limestone, kaolin, fish |
| Net migration rate | - | -12.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | - | African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Antonio Gualberto do ROSARIO, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Dr. Oresimo SILVEIRA, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]; Union for an Independent Democratic Cape Verde or UCID [Antonio MONTEIRO, president] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | NA |
| Population | no indigenous inhabitants
note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states (July 2003 est.) |
405,163 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | NA% |
| Population growth rate | - | 0.92% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 0, FM 11 (and 14 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 73,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | - | Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene) |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | - | general assessment:
effective system, being improved domestic: interisland microwave radio relay system with both analog and digital exchanges; work is in progress on a submarine fiber-optic cable system which was scheduled for completion in 1998 international: 2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | 45,644 (2000) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | 19,729 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | flat | steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic |
| Total fertility rate | - | 4.05 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | - | 24% (1999 est.) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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